![]() The troops attempted to disarm Big Foot’s band the next morning. The band, led by Chief Big Foot, was finally overtaken by the soldiers near Wounded Knee Creek in the Reservation and ordered to camp there overnight. Army, they were seeking refuge in the Pine Ridge Reservation. Headed south from the Cheyenne River, a band of Minneconjou Sioux Indians crossed a pass in the Badlands Wall. The climax of the struggle came in late December, 1890. As winter closed in, the ghost dancers returned to Pine Ridge Agency. One of the last known Ghost Dances was conducted on Stronghold Table in the South Unit of Badlands National Park. Wovoca had predicted that the white man would vanish and their hunting grounds would be restored. His vision called for the native people to dance the Ghost Dance and wear Ghost Shirts, which would be impervious to bullets. ![]() In the fall and early winter of 1890, thousands of Native American followers, including many Oglala Sioux, became followers of the Indian prophet Wovoca. government stripped American Indians of much of their territory and forced them to live on reservations. The next great change came toward the end of the 19th century as homesteaders moved into South Dakota. By one hundred and fifty years ago, the Great Sioux Nation consisting of seven bands including the Oglala Lakota, had displaced the other tribes from the northern prairie. If hunting was good, they might hang on into winter, before retracing their way to their villages along the Missouri River. From the top of the Badlands Wall, they could scan the area for enemies and wandering herds. Eroding out of the stream banks today are the rocks and charcoal of their campfires, as well as the arrowheads and tools they used to butcher bison, rabbits, and other game. L records combined with oral traditions indicate that these people camped in secluded valleys where fresh water and game were available year round. Their descendants live today in North Dakota as a part of the Three Affiliated Tribes. ![]() Long before the Lakota were the little-studied paleo-Indians, followed by the Arikara people. The period's name originates from the appearance of "lithic flaked" stone tools.įor eleven thousand years, American Indians have used this area for their hunting grounds. The Lithic peoples or Paleo-Indians are the earliest known humans of the Americas.
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